How To Wire A Three Way Light Socket – About: Made in Canada, I grew up working, cooking and baking. From this love of design and creativity, I pursued a BFA in Product Design at Parsons School of Design in New York. Since then I have been working for Martha… More about Paige Russell »
In this tutorial, we’ll start laying the foundation you need for all your future lamp projects. We will learn:
How To Wire A Three Way Light Socket
Knowing how to wire properly means knowing how to wire safely! And as we all know, safety comes first! And the second and third …
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I’m not going to dive deep into electrical knowledge, but there are a few important facts I’d like to share before we get started. for example, what a circuit is (a combination of a lamp cord, a plug, a socket and a switch), electric current (the flow of fuel that lights the lamp), why portable lamps are not grounded, and what materials conduct electricity.
In our case, the circuit consists of a power source (switch box > wall socket), two conducting wires (lamp wire) and a small light bulb to which the free ends of the wires from the power source (socket) are connected. lamp). When the connections are made correctly, the circuit will “close” (controlled by a switch) and current will flow through the circuit and light the bulb.
Current flows through the “Hot” wire to the lamp wire and returns to the source through the “Neutral” wire. As a result, most light bulb cables (or chains) consist of two wires. Mainly used for hanging pendants, the cord has three strands and the third is called “ground”.
GROUND is an extra wire, a backup path that provides a path through which electricity can flow if there is a break in the system (ie: a “live/hot” wire touching metal touching skin). Instead of going through the atom to ground, it will go through the ground wire. This will be a round plug on a three-pin plug or a green wire (yellow in Europe) on some lamp cords.
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Due to improved designs of modern lamp components, the risk of active electricity entering contactable lamp components is even lower, and therefore most modern portable indoor lamps are not grounded. (Portable = any lamp that is not attached to a wall or ceiling.) No grounding is required as long as both wires of the cable (hot and neutral) are insulated from exposed metal parts and are insulated from touching exposed metal parts of the lamp. .
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS are types of material that allow electric current to flow in one or more directions. Metal lamp cord wire and in the form of plugs, wires and terminals is one of the places we use for this category. It is important that no other conductive materials come into contact with “live” metal, so even though components are designed to prevent this, it is important that you are aware of materials that pose potential hazards.
A short list of all materials that should not come into contact with live metal in a lamp:
*Fun Fact: Graphite, while it shouldn’t stick to live wires, is a great lubricant for stubborn plug threads! If you have trouble screwing the bulb into the socket, remove the bulb from the socket and apply graphite to the inner threads of the socket. And so on! The problem was solved without stopping the treatment.
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The same rules still apply. Metal, water, and our bodies are good conductors of electricity, so never connect any of these to live (in our case, connected) electricity. And never, under any circumstances, for any reason, insert a plug into an outlet. 🙂
Fortunately, we won’t be dealing with active electricity until we practice wiring harnesses in this class, so there’s nothing to fear. Remember, never combine one of your creations with a lamp until you’ve tried it. (More about this in lesson 6)
When drilling any material (eg: lamp base or custom shade) wear safety glasses and NEVER use gloves! If the rotating part grips the glove material, it can potentially pull the glove and its parts. Of course, this risk is less with hand drilling, but it’s always better to be safe than sorry.
In the next few lessons we will make two sets of practical mini light bulbs with wires to teach proper wiring techniques.
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Before ordering the parts you need (listed below), I recommend you check out the lamp projects I linked in Lessons 7 and 8, as you may have some of them to use if you decide to make one. Parts I will need in this course.
NOTE: You’ll be able to reuse everything from practical wire harnesses for your bulbs – except for short lengths of bulb wire – which will save you $$ on future bulb projects.
Hardware stores have a very limited supply of good-looking, quality lamp parts, but you can find what you need there. The rest (or all) can be purchased online. Most of the parts I link to are from Grand Brass with only a few exceptions to keep the shipping costs down for you.
Www.grandbrass.com – Most of the sites I link to in this tutorial are from Grand Brass. They have almost everything. The only downside to them is that delivery can take up to 2 weeks if you live on the West Coast.
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Www.txlampparts.net – Texas Lamp Parts. They offer faster shipping than Grand Brass, but their selection is a bit more limited.
Www.antiquelampsupply.com – Antique Lamp Supply has a very limited selection, but carries the round felt snap rings that I love!
Www.mylampparts.com – My Lamp Parts also has a limited selection, but they had the lamp base I was looking for to make my Mug Stack lamp I linked to in Lesson 8.
Www.sundialwire.com – Dial Wire is a fabric covered cord manufacturer made entirely in the USA. Not all are UL listed.
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All of the pieces below have multiple color options, so I suggest choosing neutral (or favorite) colors that will complement your upcoming unknown lamp projects.
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and Canadian Standards Association (CSA) are the most common certification symbols you’ll see on lamp components in North America. These marks indicate that the components have been tested and passed all National Safety Standards for lamp components.
I always recommend using certified parts, WITH ONE EXCEPTION: fabric cable. There are some types of fabric threads that are UL or CSA approved (carried by online retailer Grand Brass), but most are not. 🙁
If you’re just making lamps for yourself or friends, use as much fabric covered yarn as you like! Even if they are not certified, they are completely safe to use. If you plan to sell your lamps, you must adhere to several colors / styles that have passed certification. In all online replacement bulb stores, the product descriptions will tell you if a particular cable has a certification number. If not, it won’t say “uncertified” — I won’t mention UL at all.
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The bulb wire we will use is made of 18 gauge wire (gauge = thickness) covered with thermoplastic insulation or “cap”. Insulation protects us from being shocked by the electrically charged wires inside the lamp cord. Cords made of thicker and thinner wires (22, 20, 16, 14 gauge) are available, but 18 gauge is the industry standard for most portable indoor lights, so we’ll only use 18 gauge for this category.
Safety fact: In commercial wire gauges (AWG – American Wire Gauge), as the number decreases, the size increases! 16-gauge wire is thicker than 18-gauge (counterintuitive, I know!) and can deliver more power as a result. Larger fixtures require a thicker gauge than 18 gauge, so never use lamp cord to rewire your dryer or anything other than lighting! If the appliance draws more power than the wired meter can handle, it can overheat (and cause a fire).
But don’t worry, if you use 18/2 and 18/3 wiring for all your lamps and the wiring is done correctly using certified components, you will never cause a fire. The lamp cable is specially designed for this application.
Note: One of the best advantages of making your own bulbs is that depending on what you’re going for, you can choose the color/type of wire that will either “pop” and complement the bulb, or be as inconspicuous as possible. . That’s why I’ve listed color options for all cable types.
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SPT-1, 18/2 – Short for SPT Parallel Trap Thermoplastic, also known as Zipper. This means that both wires (Hot and Neutral) run parallel to each other
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