(wow) Words Of Wonders Level 1170 Answers – Last week, Apple announced its iPhone 13 and iPhone 13 Pro lineup, which includes major advances in camera technology.
While we wait to get our hands on the devices, we wanted to break down the improvements that the new models bring compared to the previous generation. But here’s the point: Apple managed to squeeze the larger sensors and optics seen on last year’s iPhone 12 Pro Max into this year’s much smaller 13 Mini, right down to the sensor-switching stabilization technology. So, when it comes to iPhone cameras this year, think big.
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The row of diagonally arranged cameras on the iPhone 13 and 13 Mini. Diagonal positioning ensures that horizontal and vertical view details are non-zero in portrait and landscape orientations, thus supporting the creation of a depth map in portrait mode.
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Last year’s iPhone 12 models didn’t increase in sensor size from the 11 until you get to the 12 Pro Max. The size of the sensor, as well as the maximum aperture of the lens, are the biggest determinants of image quality, since dynamic range and low-light performance are closely related to the lighting of the photographed scene.
The new phone, the iPhone 13 Mini. Here’s a breakdown of all the tech specs for last year’s iPhone 13 (and the similarly specced 13 Mini) and the iPhone 12 (and 12 Mini):
The iPhone 13’s 1/1.9-inch wide (main) sensor captures 47% more light than the iPhone 12’s 1/2.55-inch sensor, thanks to the extra 11.3mm.
Like last year’s iPhone 12 Pro Max, the iPhone 13 and 13 Mini capture ~47% more light than the iPhone 12 and 12 Pro, thanks to a 47% larger sensor surface from 1.7 µm pixels (1 instead of .4 µm). ) The 13 and 13 Mini also get sensor-shift image stabilization from the 12 Pro Max. This allows longer exposures for low-light photos (or less blur) and can help you shoot more stable video. To give you a sense of this year’s improved low-light capabilities, the iPhone 13 will introduce last year’s 12 and 12 Pro models, check out this starry sky in night mode from the 1930s compared to the 12 Pro Max and 12 Pro models. below. . The ultra-wide camera remains unchanged.
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Both the 13 and 13 Mini have improved displays, which is especially important when viewing Dolby Vision HDR (no, not that HDR, that’s HDR) HDR photos and videos on iPhone. It’s 28% brighter and can achieve 800 nits for standard (SDR) content, up to 1200 nits for HDR photos and videos (specs previously reserved for Pro models only). These maximum brightness levels can be maintained for longer periods of time due to increased visual efficiency. A ceramic shield above the screen increases durability.
This year, if you want the best camera, you don’t have to go for the larger Pro Max model anymore – the 13 Pro and 13 Pro Max share the same sensors, optics, stabilization and features. The Pro models’ three cameras span a six-fold optical focal length range:
Let’s take a closer look at the main “wide” camera and how it compares to last year’s iPhone 12 Pro and 12 Pro Max models:
13 Pro and Pro Max 1/1.65″* 1.9 µm main camera sensor pixel type enables 44mm shooting
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84% more light-gathering surface than last year’s 12 Pro 1/2.55″ type sensor and 25% more light than last year’s 12 Pro Max and this year’s 13 and 13. Small models 1/1.9″ type sensor. The lens has been upgraded from F1.6 to a wider F1.5 aperture, bringing in 14% more light.
Larger sensors, larger entrance pupils and faster apertures mean a significantly larger camera module in this year’s 13 Pro (
(Read our article on equality), then you can visually achieve a little background blur and subject separation without portrait mode. F6.8 equivalent reduces the light-gathering ability of full-frame cameras with an F2.8 lens attached to the iPhone 13 Pro’s main camera by about 2.5 Fe, assuming equal sensor efficiency, microlens design, and light-gathering ability. . In reality, this is probably an unrealistic assumption, so the difference could be greater, but it’s still remarkable; Especially after considering additional lighting, the smartphone will be thanks to the use of image fusion based on multi-frame tiles (a simplified version is described here).
This is where smartphones capture multiple images in succession and intelligently adjust them to handle moving elements in the scene: they essentially make up for what they lack in spatial light capture (sensor size).
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Compared to last year’s Pro and Pro Max models, this year’s Pro models absorb approximately 100% and 40% more light in the dark, respectively.
So bigger sensors and a brighter bezel are better, but what does that mean compared to the previous generation models? The iPhone 13 Pro is expected to show at least a 1 EV improvement in low light over last year’s 12 Pro, and a 0.5 EV improvement over last year’s 12 Pro Max and this year’s 13 and 13 Mini models. This is because the combination of the 13 Pro’s main camera’s larger sensor and brighter lens lets in roughly 100% and ~40% more light than the 12 Pro and 12 Pro Max / 13’s main cameras, respectively. Apple claims slightly more (2.2x and 47%), so there may be other factors or efficiencies, but the numbers are roughly similar. Video quality, which doesn’t benefit from combining as many frames as photos (although at least two different exposure frames are combined per frame), will see a particularly noticeable quality improvement.
On last year’s models, sensor shift stabilization allows for longer manual exposures, which further improves night mode. When held steady enough (on a tripod), last year’s Pro models produced 30-second exposures with 10 frames of 3 seconds each. This year’s Pro models can shoot 3 frames of 10 seconds each in night mode with the IS combination, presumably to reduce the effect of readout noise. This combination can also be useful for video stabilization.
Last year’s iPhone 12 Pro models were able to achieve incredible results with the Ultra-wide module, thanks to Night Mode and ProRaw.
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The ultra-wide cameras have also been renewed, now with a brighter F1.8 aperture (compared to the F2.4 of last year’s models) and phase detection autofocus. This is a wider camera, from F20.2 on last year’s models, now equivalent to F15.1 full-frame. That’s 78% (0.83 EV) more light, which is a big help for the tiny 1/3.4-inch type sensor.
Based on samples shared by Apple, the addition of autofocus allows ultra-wide focusing up to 2cm for stunning macro shots:
Apple claims it has a “fast sensor”, which we interpret as “fast reading speed”. A faster read speed has many benefits, as it reduces shutter artifacts and banding under artificial lighting. In addition, a fast sensor readout could theoretically improve video electronic image stabilization by increasing the interval between reading video frames and acquiring the next frame. But we still don’t know if the 13 Pro model will take advantage of this advantage.
The telephoto camera has been improved in several ways: firstly, the 77mm equivalent is now 2.5 x 65mm for three times the 26mm field of view of a wide-angle camera. module is last year’s 12 Pro Max, or 2.0x 52mm equivalent. 12 modules in Pro. It provides more access and more opportunities to isolate the topic. As the “zoom” increases, the ability to collect light also decreases: the F2.0 and F2.2 apertures of last year’s Pro and Pro Max models have been replaced by an F2.8 aperture. It roughly meets the F23.8 full frame conditions.
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So, except in portrait mode, don’t expect much separation between the subject and the background. All this is not surprising: as the focal length increases, the physical size of the aperture must also increase in order to maintain the same F-number, which, you guessed it, means larger optics. There’s only so much room in these little camera modules.
The second, probably more exciting development of the telephoto module is the night mode option. Last year, the iPhone 12 brought night mode to the ultra-wide camera, but this year it will finally be available on all three cameras (if you previously thought you were getting Night mode on the telephoto module, it was just a drop in light level. less switching and cropping of the iPhone 1x module ).
It’s a welcome addition (Google’s Pixel 4, for example, enjoyed its 48mm equivalent in 2019), and the smaller sensor makes a dramatic improvement in low-light shots with an otherwise cumbersome telephoto module. (relatively) narrow opening.
IPhone photos have a view. It varies from year to year
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